Method of and apparatus for mixing materials



DENISON METHOD OF ANDAPPARATUS FOR MIXING MATERIALS Mym, 1923.

Filed Sept.. 6; 1921 a 3 Smets-'shawl G. w. DNISQN MET-HOD lOF AND APPARATUS FOR MIXING MATERIALS Filed sept. e, 1921 July 24, 1923. www5 vG. W. DENISON METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MIXING MATERIALS Filed Sept. 6, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 dll Patented July 24 19.23.

GEORGE W-DENISON 0E' BAY VILLAGE, llllllll).

HETHOD 0F APPARATUSFBL MIXING MAEEEIIAJLd.

application and september e, naar( rerun no. ecarte.

To all whom it may conceri Be it known that l, Gronau W. DENIsoN, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Bay Village, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ghio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Methods of and Apparatus for Mixing Materials, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My 'nvention relates to a method and apparatus for causing intimate mixture of various materials. tated otherwise an object of my invention is to apply one material to another 'in such a manner that the mixture shall be perfectly homogeneous and each particle of eaclr material shall be equally affected'. As an lexim'xple of a particular use -to which my method may be put', the mixing 'of clay with water may befmelitioned.

rEhe' apparatus and method may be employed, however, in mixing various powdered l materials together, in mixing powdered material with a liquid, in mixing liquids, or in mixinggases with each other or with any or all of the aforementioned materials.

A distinctive feature of the method is the production of a thin film of material whlch is thrown into intimate contact with a sim. ilar thin film of another material.

Further objects of my invention will be apparent inthe course ofthe following description and the features of novelty will be set out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings in which novel devices are illustrated adapted to carry out my novel method, Fig. 1 is a-plan view ofl such a device; Fig. V2 is a section taken on line 2 2 of Fig, 1; Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a sectlon on lined-"4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a section on linea-F5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a longitudlnal section of a sllghtly diderent form of devicewhich embodies' the principles of my invention and is adapted to carry out my novel method; Fig. 7 is a section showing the rotating disk member and taken substantially on line 7-7 of Fig. 6, but having certain portions of thedisk broken away and sectioned to show the outlets,` therein.

Myimethod in general comprises the separation of material into a line ribbon, film or cloudfand ejecting such film in close contact with a similar film of another material. The apparatusy illustrated for carrying out this .A method comprises, in general, means for roj Lytating the lower portion of a column ofmaterial, thereby separatinga film from this lower rotating portion by the'use of a revolving knife and the edect of centrifugal forceand ejecting the films of the materials in close contact into a receptacle.

Referring particularly to the drawings and to the form of device 'shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, the machine illustrated consists of the main casing 10 which is provided with a series of concentric cylindrical pa .rti,I

tions forming a series of compartments and having open upper ends 12 by means of which they are adapted to be connected with suitable pipes 13 adapted to deliver material tothe various compartments. Adjacent the lower end of these cylindrical compartments there is the rotatable disk 20 which is provided with a series of stepped annular faces 25, '26, and 27, extending transverse to the axis of rotation of the disk. At the outer edge of the annular faces are formed the cylindrical walls 31, 32 and 33 which extend upward adjacent the ends of the cylindrical partitions respectively to form spectively from the inner, intermediate and outercompartments. The passageways 21, 22 and 23, each project at an acute angle `from the walls 31,' 32 and 33, respectively, l

so as to form a knife edge 28 on these cylindrical faces of the disk. These edges are adapted to cut a film of the material from the edge of the rotating mass, as the disk rotates in 'counter-clockwise direction, as seen in Fig. 3. As will be clearly seen in Figs. 3 'and 5, the outlet 22 proceeds outwardly in a horizontal plane to the eriphery of the disk, but the outlets 21 an 23 are shown as progressing upwardly and downwardly respectively, as well as radially outward, so that the outlet mouths of each of these -passageways lie in the same plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk. rlhis placing of the outlets raamt therewith a practically continuous chamber lill@ lido in the same plane is believed to be a preferable arrangement, the object being to insure ln order to provide an adjustment where- .by the amountof material fed from each of the compartments may be varied, ll provide adjustable means adapted to va the distance between the stationary cylin rical partitions, and the faces 25, 26 and 27, respectively. In the device illustrated, thls means comprises the sleeves 15 which are threaded on the lower ends ofc'the partitions and 1t will be evident that by causing these sleeves to project forward into the openings in the disk member that the height of the outlet will beA varied, thereby varying the size. of the film or ribbon ejected, and also varylng the amount of material which rotates with the disk.

A dome 18 surrounds the rotating 'disk and serves to prevent the Aescape of the ejected ribbons of the material and to direct them into a suitable receptacle 17, which may be attached to a suitable flange 16 .on dome 18.v This dome may be integral with the casing, as shown, or' a separate member. In addition to the pipes 13, I also show pipes 18 connected to each of the compartments. These pipes are adapted-for use, 1f various ases are. to be mixed by the use of my mac ine, in which case, the ends of the outlets 12 may be c osed by means such as the plates 19 shown in Fig. 1. Suitable valves may be provided in the pipes 18 to control the flow of the material therein. If

. it is desired to aerate or mix gases with a material in the compartments, these pipes 1.8 may be used in conjunction with pipes 13.

.In order to rotate the lower member 20, I have shown this member as attached at its central portion to a stem suitably journaled in the casing 10 and carrying at its upper end a bevel gear 61, meshing with a .bevel gear 62. A pulley wheel 24 which is secured to the shaft of the last named bevel gear is adapted to receive power from a suitable source.

In the device illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7,

'I have shown a single cylindrical casing 40 make the stem 51, .to which the disk 50 is keyed, inthe form of a' tube and having a` piping 52 `connected to its upper end. The` piping 52 1s stationarl while the'piping 51' must rotate to turn t e disk 50.

In this form of device which has only two material-holding compartments, I pre'- fer` to rovide the member 50 with two pairs of outets 56 and 57, the outlets 56 leading to and* communicating with outlets in the lower end rof the tube 51 and the outlets 57 communicating with the chamber 59 which forms --the lower portion of the cylindrical column 40. These outlets are shown as extending tothe periphery of the disk and having their mouths located in the samev knife edges `28 already described. In this' form of evice, I also show a dome 42 which is similar to the dome 18. It may made integral with, or separate from the cylindrical casing 40.

It will be apparent that the hollow tubular stem might be used in conjunction with a disk member having a plurality of stepped faces, such as illustrated in Fig. 2, and also that a single' outlet may vbe emplo ed run.- ning to the stepped faces, if desire ,f

In` the operationof the device, if, for instance, the different columns shown in Fig. 2 are filled with powdered material, it will be seen that the rotation of the lower disk will cause'a rotation of a portion of the material ineach chamlber, which is close to this rotating member. On account of the friction between the particles, the rotation will decrease in the upper portionsk of the columns and at a shortdistance above the disk the rotation will cease.

l On account of this friction, the disks will rotate at a greater speed than the material carried thereon, and upon referring to Fig. 3, it will be seen that if the disk is rotating in a counter-clockwise direction, the result will'be that the knife ed e will cut a slice or ribbon from' the outer ge of the material, as the knife revolves, since the material will be forced )outward against the knife edge by centrifu al force; Y

The evice illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, operates in a 'similar manner, except that there will be two jets of each material thrown into the dome as the disk rotates.

In eitherA form of device 'it will be seen that there is produced a thin film or mist of material, which is closely followed by a similar vfilm or films of other material or materials, which are to be mixed together. Where powdered material is being mixed, the spray'may 'advantageously be made so thin as to cause a thickness corresponding to a single particle of the materi-al, so as to insure t e intimate mixing of the materials. When it is not necessary to obtain so thin a film, a thicker film may readily be secured by means of the adjustalble sleeves 15, 41.

I-t will be seen, therefore, that I have devised a method for rapidly producing an intimate 'and homogeneous mixture of materials of various kinds .with great speed,

and a novel device adapted to carry out this method.

While I have described specifically'the'dei vice embodying the principles of my invention,l itV is apparentV that the novel process might be carried out by many di'ere'nt de-v vices and therefore the foregoing description is to be taken as illustrative of my invention rather than as restrictive o f its 4character and scope.

terial by centrifugal force through a rotating outlet to form an annular band in close contact with a band of dissimilar material also ejected by centrifugal force through a rotating outlet. v

2. The method of mixing materials which comprisesv separating the materials into thin ribbons by a separating element rotating at a high velocity and ejecting said ribbons of dissimilar material through outlets in a rotating member by centrifugal force whereby each convolution of ejectedmaterial will be supcrposed upon other convolutions of previously ejected material.

3. The method of mixing materials com- .v -prising ej ecting the materials by centrifugal force through revolving outlets arranged to discharge the materials in contiguous bands of minute thicknesses, thus causing a thor-v ough commingling of the materials being mixed. y

4. The method of mixing materials which consists in feeding the materials downwardly in columns under the influence of gravity, supporting the columns by a rotating element which is rotating, at a greater speed than the lower portionsof the column, causing the separation of a ribbon of material from each of the columns by said' difference in rotation of the lower portions of the columns and bhesupportin element, and maintaining the separated ri bons in 11n-- mixed relation while ejecting the separated ribbons through rotating outlets by centrif ngal force whereby a ribbon of one material is superposed upon and causedv to mix with a ribbon of dissimilar ejected material.

5,. The method of mixing materials which i comprises rotating a lower portion of a col-A umn of material by a rotating supporting element moving at a speed greater than the rotational speed of the lower portion of the column, causing a separation of a portion of `the 'supporting columnby said diiference of another ejected material.

in rotation of the supporting element and the rotating portion of the column and ejecting said separated portion of the column through rotatingoutlets by centrifugal force into as, contiguous relation to a stream,

(i. The method of mixing materials which 'comprises rotating the lower portions of columns of dissimlar materials b a rotating element havingl a speed' o! rotation greater than the rotational speed of Atl'le ower porti-ons of said columns, efectin a separationof ribbons from the materials terial is forced into contiguous relation to4 each other ribbon 4 of material after being ejected.

7. The method of lmixing materials which comprises feeding downwardly a column' of material, rotating a lower portion of the column by a supporting member having a speed of rotation which is greater than the rotation of theJ moving portion of the column, eecting the separation of-a ribbon of the material by means of` said slippage arrangement and injecting the se arated ribbons through rotating outlets y centrifugal force whereby the ribbons maybe superposed in the form of circumferential bands. c z

8. The method of mixing materials which comprises feeding downwardly concentric columns of dissimilar materialsby avitation, rotating the lower portions o said columns by a supporting member which rotates at -a speed greater than the speed of rotation of the columns,`e'ecting ase aration of material from the bottoms o the columns by'said diderence in rotation, maintaining said separated portions in unmixed relation and ejecting said portions in continuous streams through rotating outlets by centrifugal force whereby dissimilar materials may be brought into a contiguous relation in the form of superposed concentric bands.

9. In a device of the class described, a

plurality of compartments adaptable for the reception of dissimilar materials, a rotat celving compartments, said rotatable member having passageways leading outwardly whereby material from each compartment may be ejected by centrifugal force from the bottoms of the columns of material contained thereby, means' for rotating said member, and a receptacle into which said passageways discharge.

10. In a device of the class described, the combination lwith a receptacle, of a rotating element having a plurality of outlets adapted to eject jets of material by centrifugal force into the receptacle and thereby fom superposed circumferential bands, and means forl regulating the flow of material to said outlets. 11. Ina device of the'character described, a compartment comprising a stationary member and a rotatable bottom member, said stationary member being adapted to retain a column of material flowing downwardly to the rotatable member-whereby the lll() rac aaa

neef

by the separated material may be ejected therethrough by centrifugal force.

12. In a device of the class described, a casing having a chamber with an open lower end, a rotatable disk-like member belowD and adjacent said end, said ,disk-like membery having a passageway communicating with its interior and extending outward to the periphery of the member, and means for rotating said member. i

13. In a device of the class described, a casing having a chamber with an open lower end, a rotatable disc closing said open lower end and a material receiving member surrounding the disc, said disc having a passageway extending outwardly to the pei'- Aimeter thereof terminating in an outlet,

said passageway establishing communication between said casing and the receiving member whereby material flowing by gravitation upon said disc member may be ejected throu lisaid outlet by centrifugal force.

14. n".a device of the class described, a material holdin compartment structure having a rotary ottom member, 'said member having a channel running outwardly from a continuation of the compartment formed in the bottom member, there being a separatingedge where the channel leaves the compartment which directs a. ribbon of material into the channel. L

15. In a. device of the class described, a material holding compartment structure having a rotary bottom member having side walls, said member having an outlet running substantially transversely through said walls from a continuation of thecompartment formed in the bottom member, whereby a ribbon of material is directed into the 'outlet, and a receptacle to receive material from the outlet.

16. In a device of the class described, a

material j holdin compartment structure having a rotatabe bottom member having side walls, saidbottom member being pro ,vided with va lateral outlet through said walls, said structure including a stationary i member extending upward from the bottom member and adapted to hold a stationary column of material above the bottom member, means for rotating -said. bottom, and means for varying the opening from the compartment to the rotating lateral outlet of the bottom member. y

17. In' a device of the class described, a

stationary material holding member, a rotatable member havinga circular recess therein into which the end of the first member projects, said rotary member having a y passageway in the rotatable member coiniiiunicating with said recess and extending to the periphery of the member, said passageway forming an acute angle with the lateral Wall of the recess to form a knife edge adapted to direct a thin strip of material into said passageway as the member rotates. j

18. In a device of the class described, a cylindrical member, a rotatable member `having a cylindrical recess therein, into which the end of the cylindrical member-projects,`

there being a passageway in the rotatable member communicating withsaid recess and extending to the periphery of the member, said passageway forming an acute angle with the lateral wall of the recess to form a knife edge adapted to direct a thin strip cf material into said. passageway as therriember rotates, and meansy for adjusting the distance between .the rotatable and cylindri- 'cal members.

19. In a device of the class described', a 1plurality of concentricall` arranged compartments, a rotary member closing the ends of said lcompartments and having y"compartments corresponding to said first mentioned compartments, lsaid rotary mem? ber being provided with passageways communicating with each of said compartments and extendingl outwardly to the perimeter thereof and terminating in outlets whereby rotation of: said disc at a hi h speed will cause dissimilar materials in t le; respective compartments to -be ejected throu h said outlets by centrifugal force.

20. y n a device of the class described, a plurality of compartments, one surrrounding another, a rotary end member closing,

thereto, outlet (passa es formed in the rotary member exten ing rom each of the compartmf nts to the perimeter thereof and terminating in outlets, whereby dissimilar niaterials contained in the r ective compartments may be ejected tlere rom by centrifual force, and a driving member for rotating said rotary member at a high s d: 21. In a device of the character ascribed, a plurality of com artinents each having stationary side wa s, and rotating end walls, said end walls -comprising a rotor,

said rotor having outlet passages commuiii eatin with the' compartments wherebymateria may be ejected from each compartment by centrifugal forca-said passagewavs being arran d to guide the materials to the Egrimeter o the rotor in the form of ribns whereby a commingling of the di'ervent materials may be eected by superposibands Aof centrifu# j tion of circumferential gally ejected' materials.

22. In a device of the class described, a 23. In a device of the class described, a plurality of compartments having stationcompartment comprising a rotatable end ary side walls and rotary end walls formed member having a lateral passageway termi by a rotor member closing the ends of the nating inan outlet and a stationary member s compartments, said rotor having spirally extending upwardly from the end member 20 formed passageways extending outwardly and adapted to hold a column of material from each of the compartmentsto'the permwith a portion thereof adjacent said paseter thereof whereby jets of material from sageway, and a movable ring at the lower each of the compartments may be 4ejected by end of the stationary member to force the 10 the rotor under the influence of centrifugal amount of discharge from the column 25 force, and' means for regulating the capaethrough said passageway. it of the passageways whereby the amount 1n testimony whereof, ll hereunto affix o 'material escaping from each compartmy signature. ment into the passageways may be predeterv l@ mined. GEORGE W. DENISN. 

